Du Søgte efter: Biotium

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Pax genes contain paired domains with strong homology to genes in Drosophila, which are involved in programming early development. Lesions in the Pax-6 gene account for most cases of aniridia, a congenital malformation of the eye, chiefly characterized by iris hypoplasia, which can cause blindness. Pax-6 is involved in other anterior segment malformations besides aniridia, such as Peters anomaly, a major error in the embryonic development of the eye with corneal clouding with variable iridolenticulocorneal adhesions. The Pax-6 gene encodes a transcriptional regulator that recognizes target genes through its paired-type DNA-binding domain. The paired domain is composed of two distinct DNA-binding subdomains, the amino-terminal subdomain and the carboxy-terminal subdomain, which bind respective consensus DNA sequences. The human Pax-6 gene produces two alternatively spliced isoforms that have the distinct structure of the paired domain.

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Recognizes a protein of 150 kDa, which is identified as the high molecular weight variant of Caldesmon. Two closely related variants of human caldesmon have been identified which are different in their electrophoretic mobility and cellular distribution. The h-caldesmon variant (120-150 kDa) is predominantly expressed in smooth muscle whereas l-caldesmon (70-80 kDa) is found in non- muscle tissue and cells. Neither of the two variants has been detected in skeletal muscle. This MAb recognizes only the 150 kDa variant (h-caldesmon) in Western blots of human aortic media extracts and is unreactive with fibroblast extracts from cultivated human foreskin. Caldesmon is a developmentally regulated protein involved in smooth muscle and non-muscle contraction.

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Beta-catenin associates with the cytoplasmic portion of E-cadherin, which is necessary for the function of E-cadherin as an adhesion molecule. In normal tissues, beta-catenin is localized to the membrane of epithelial cells, consistent with its role in the cell adhesion complex. In breast ductal neoplasia, beta-catenin is usually localized in cellular membranes. However, in lobular neoplasia, a marked redistribution of beta-catenin throughout the cytoplasm results in a diffuse cytoplasmic pattern. Immuno-staining of beta-catenin and E-cadherin is helps in the accurate identification of ductal and lobular neoplasms, including a distinction between low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and lobular carcinoma. Additionally, some rectal and gastric adenocarcinomas demonstrate diffuse cytoplasmic beta-catenin staining and a lack of membranous staining, mimicking the staining pattern observed with lobular breast carcinomas.

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Recognizes a protein of 150 kDa, which is identified as the high molecular weight variant of Caldesmon. Two closely related variants of human caldesmon have been identified which are different in their electrophoretic mobility and cellular distribution. The h-caldesmon variant (120-150 kDa) is predominantly expressed in smooth muscle whereas l-caldesmon (70-80 kDa) is found in non- muscle tissue and cells. Neither of the two variants has been detected in skeletal muscle. This MAb recognizes only the 150 kDa variant (h-caldesmon) in Western blots of human aortic media extracts and is unreactive with fibroblast extracts from cultivated human foreskin. Caldesmon is a developmentally regulated protein involved in smooth muscle and non-muscle contraction.

Varenummer: (BNUM0674-50)

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: This MAb recognizes a protein of 56.5 kDa, identified as cytokeratin 10 (CK10). CK10 is expressed in all suprabasal layers of the epidermis. In the epidermis, expression of CK10 strictly parallels the extent of differentiation; it is absent in the basal layer, appears in the first suprabasal layers and increases in concentration towards the granular layer. However, CK10 is rarely detected in early stages of vulvar squamous carcinomas (tumors less than 2 cm, clinical stage I) regardless of the tumor grade. In larger and more advanced tumors (greater than 2 cm, clinical stages II and III), CK10 is detected very frequently. Expression of CK10 is related to maturation of malignant keratinocytes, being preferentially detected in more-differentiated parts.

UOM: 1 * 50 µl

Tilbud

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Recognizes a protein of 18-35 kDa, identified as CD90 (also known as Thy1). CD90 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It may contribute to inhibition of proliferation/differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and neuron memory formation in the CNS. It consists of a single Ig domain (112 amino acids; 25-35 kDa) inserted into the cell membrane via a GPI anchor. Expressed by hematopoietic stem cells and neurons in all species studied. Its highly expressed in connective tissue and various fibroblast and stromal cell lines, expressed on all thymocytes and peripheral T cells in mice, but in humans expressed only on small % fetal thymocytes, 10-40% of CD34 cells in bone marrow, and <1% of CD3 CD4 lymphocytes in peripheral circulation. It is also expressed by human lymph node HEV endothelium but not other endothelia. Lastly, it is expressed by a limited number of lymphoblastoid and leukemic cell lines.

Varenummer: (BNUM1234-50)

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: This antibody recognizes a protein of 25-26 kDa, identified as the bcl-2 α oncoprotein. It shows no cross-reaction with Bcl-x or Bax protein. Expression of bcl-2 α oncoprotein inhibits programmed cell death (apoptosis). In most follicular lymphomas, neoplastic germinal centers express high levels of bcl-2 α protein, whereas the normal or hyperplastic germinal centers are negative. Consequently, this antibody is valuable when distinguishing between reactive and neoplastic follicular proliferation in lymph node biopsies. It may also be used in distinguishing between those follicular lymphomas that express bcl-2 protein and the small number in which the neoplastic cells are bcl-2 negative.

UOM: 1 * 50 µl

Tilbud

Varenummer: (BNUM0100-50)

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Ten to forty percent of the patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) develop cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. In some patients with AIDS, CMV is detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), urine, and other specimens, even when there are no symptoms of CMV disease. An indicator of active CMV infection is needed to facilitate the diagnosis of CMV disease in patients with AIDS or HIV infection. CMV p65 antigen was detected in the leukocytes of both the peripheral blood and BALF during the early phase of CMV disease.

UOM: 1 * 50 µl

Tilbud

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: This antibody recognizes a protein of 25-26 kDa, identified as the bcl-2 α oncoprotein. It shows no cross-reaction with Bcl-x or Bax protein. Expression of bcl-2 α oncoprotein inhibits the programmed cell death (apoptosis). In most follicular lymphomas, neoplastic germinal centers express high levels of bcl-2 α protein, whereas the normal or hyperplastic germinal centers are negative. Consequently, this antibody is valuable when distinguishing between reactive and neoplastic follicular proliferation in lymph node biopsies. It may also be used in distinguishing between those follicular lymphomas that express bcl-2 protein and the small number in which the neoplastic cells are bcl-2 negative.

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) belongs to the type II (or B or basic) subfamily of high molecular weight cytokeratins and exists in combination with cytokeratin 18 (CK18). CK8 is primarily found in the non-squamous epithelia and is present in majority of adenocarcinomas and ductal carcinomas. It is absent in squamous cell carcinomas. Hepatocellular carcinomas are defined by the use of antibodies that recognize only cytokeratin 8 and 18. CK8 exists on several types of normal and neoplastic epithelia, including many ductal and glandular epithelia such as colon, stomach, small intestine, trachea, and esophagus as well as in transitional epithelium. Anti-CK8 does not react with skeletal muscle or nerve cells. Epithelioid sarcoma, chordoma, and adamantinoma show strong positivity corresponding to that of simple epithelia (with antibodies against CK8, CK18 and CK19). Reportedly, anti-CK8 is useful for the differentiation of lobular ring-like, perinuclear from ductal peripheral-predominant carcinoma of the breast.

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: This MAb is specific to heavy chain of IgA and shows minimal cross-reaction with heavy chains of other immunoglobulins. It is reactive with both IgA1 and IgA2 subclasses of Alpha heavy chain. It reacts with the third constant domain (CH3) of the alpha chain of IgA molecules. Immunoglobulins are four-chain, Y-shaped, monomeric structures comprised of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains held together through inter-chain disulfide bonds. The chains form two domains, the Fab (antigen binding) fragment and the Fc (constant) fragment. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the main protein of the mucosal immune system. It is generated by B-cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Daily production of IgA exceeds that of any of the other immunoglobulins.IgA exists mainly in dimers but can also exist as polymers or as monomers. Dimers and polymers contain a joining (J) chain that can be bound by the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) for transportation of the molecule to mucosal surfaces. The most common feature of plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas is the restricted expression of a single heavy chain class. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is clonal and therefore malignant.

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: This antibody recognizes a protein of ~35 kDa, identified as CD74. It is a type II transmembrane protein which binds to the peptide binding groove of newly synthesized MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers and prevents their premature association with endogenous polypeptides. CD74 is expressed primarily by antigen presenting cells, such as B-lymphocytes (from before the pre-B cell stage to before the plasma cell stage), macrophages, and monocytes, and many epithelial cells. Anti-CD74 stains predominantly germinal center lymphocytes and B-cell lymphomas, but rarely T-cell lymphomas. Anti-CD74 has been shown to be useful in differentiating atypical fibroxanthoma (-) from malignant fibrous histiocytoma ( ).

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: This MAb recognizes a 21 kDa protein, identified as the p21WAF1 tumor suppressor protein. This MAb is highly specific to p21 and shows no cross-reaction with other closely related mitotic inhibitors. p21WAF1 is a specific inhibitor of cdk s and a tumor suppressor involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of malignancies. The expression of this gene acts as an inhibitor of the cell cycle during G1 phase and is tightly controlled by the tumor suppressor protein p53. Its expression is induced by the wild type, but not mutant, p53 suppressor protein. Normal cells generally display a rather intense nuclear p21 expression. Loss of p21 expression has been reported in many carcinomas (gastric carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma). In ELISA, MAb WA-1 is useful either as a solid phase or for detection of p21 protein.

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: This MAb recognizes a 21 kDa protein, identified as the p21WAF1 tumor suppressor protein. It is highly specific to p21 and shows no cross-reaction with other closely related mitotic inhibitors. p21WAF1 is a specific inhibitor of cdk s and a tumor suppressor involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of malignancies. The expression of this gene acts as an inhibitor of the cell cycle during G1 phase and is tightly controlled by the tumor suppressor protein p53. Its expression is induced by the wild type, but not mutant, p53 suppressor protein. Normal cells generally display a rather intense nuclear p21 expression. Loss of p21 expression has been reported in many carcinomas (gastric carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma).

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Recognizes a protein of 180 kDa, identified as CD11a (Leucocyte Workshop IV; Code 1524). CD11a complex with the 2 subunit of the integrin family, CD18, to form the cell surface heterodimer, LFA-1 or CD11a /C18 (aLbL). LFA-1 is expressed on all leukocytes including lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. It is involved in leukocyte adhesion to its ligands including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54), ICAM-2 (CD102), ICAM-3 (CD50) and Telencephalin (TLN) and play a role in most immune/inflammatory responses. This MAb potently blocks LFA-1 dependent homotypic cell aggregation.

Leverandør: Biotium

Beskrivelse: Recognizes a protein of 30-33 kDa, which is identified as CD20 (Workshop V; Code CD20.4). It is a non-Ig differentiation antigen of B-cells and its expression is restricted to normal and neoplastic B-cells, being absent from all other leukocytes and tissues. CD20 is expressed by pre B-cells and persists during all stages of B-cell maturation but is lost upon terminal differentiation into plasma cells. The protein passes through the membrane 4 times with both ends in cytoplasm and exposes one short and one longer loop to the external environment. CD20 is not glycosylated in resting B-cells and its cytoplasmic domains are differentially phosphorylated upon activation. It acts as calcium channel involved in B cell activation and cell cycle progression.